6 Crucial Water Treatment Chemicals Used in Tap Water

Treating water helps to relieve it of bacteria and chemicals which can be harmful to human health, or just plain unpleasant. Without this bacteria and dirt, water becomes much safer for drinking. The fewer chemicals that are present generally, the more healthy it is for you, reducing the chance of teeth cavities and illness. Cleaner water also helps pipes and plumbing to last longer.

Luckily, there are several ways to ensure cleaner water. A variety of chemicals are used in the treatment process which kill specific bacteria and remove any impurities. Here are a few of the water treatment chemicals used and some details on their purposes.

Chlorine is the most well-known of water treatment chemicals. Often used in swimming pools, chlorine is included in low amounts in clean water before it reaches household taps. Its primary purpose is to oxidise certain harmful chemicals to reduce their danger. Equally, chlorine kills pathogenic microorganisms to clean and purify the water. The most commonly used type of chlorine is sodium hypochlorite, which has also been shown to reduce the amount of natural arsenic present.Fluoride is most commonly known for its presence in toothpaste. This is due to its propensity to reduce tooth decay, especially in young children. Fluoride is therefore added to tap water for the same reason. Its purpose is to ensure that any chemicals not neutralised in the cleaning process do not have any lasting damaging effects on teeth.Hydrated lime is an alkali substance. In its dehydrated form, it is often used to lower the acidity levels of soil when planting flowers. In tap water, it does the same job. Acid rain and dissolved chemicals can increase the acidity level, which can be biologically damaging. Because of this, hydrated lime is added to neutralise the pH and prevent it from leaning towards the acidic side of the spectrum.Potassium permanganate is an oxidising agent added to water at treatment plants. Its aim is to remove iron and manganese and thus prevent the staining that these elements would otherwise cause to clothing and piping. There are also other organic contaminants present which cause it to have bad odours and tastes and potassium permanganate helps to remove these.Aluminium sulphate is one of the main water treatment chemicals added in order to improve the taste of tap water. Chemically, it binds the fine particles of solid contaminats to create larger particles. This helps during the filtration process, as it prevents any of these finer grains from skipping the filter altogether. This helps to reduce the cloudiness of tap water and makes it clearer.Polyphosphate has numerous jobs in the water treatment process. Its main function is to combat problems that can occur due to the presence of chlorine. Chlorine has disinfectant properties which can be damaging to the human body; polyphosphate balances this and prevents the disinfectant properties from manifesting. Equally, the chemical removes lead and copper and reduces scale deposits.Adam Johnston Photo Water treatment chemicals are imperative to ensuring that water from taps is drinkable. It not only reduces the chance that water is harmful, it also prevents tooth decay and helps to improve taste, odour and clarity. The process is extremely important in keeping you safe as well as ensuring that water is appealing. Rate this Article

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Adam Johnston has published 34 articles. Article submitted on March 14, 2013. Word count: 485

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